<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.0 20120330//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd"><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="article">
<front>
    <journal-meta>
        <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">INFEDU</journal-id>
        <journal-title-group>
            <journal-title>Informatics in Education</journal-title>
        </journal-title-group>
        <issn pub-type="epub">1648-5831</issn>
        <issn pub-type="ppub">1648-5831</issn>
        <publisher>
            <publisher-name>VU</publisher-name>
        </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
                <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">INFE044</article-id>
                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15388/infedu.2004.17</article-id>
                        <article-categories>
            <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
                <subject>Article</subject>
            </subj-group>
        </article-categories>
                        <title-group>
            <article-title>Real or Virtual Laboratories in Science Teaching - is this Actually a Dilemma?</article-title>
        </title-group>
                        <contrib-group>
                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                <name>
                    <surname>KOCIJANCIC</surname>
                    <given-names>Slavko</given-names>
                </name>
                                <email xlink:href="mailto:slavko.kocijancic@pef.uni-lj.si">slavko.kocijancic@pef.uni-lj.si</email>
                                                <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_INFEDU_aff_000"/>
                                            </contrib>
                        <aff id="j_INFEDU_aff_000">University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Education Kardejeva pl. 16, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia</aff>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                <name>
                    <surname>O&#039;SULLIVAN</surname>
                    <given-names>Colm</given-names>
                </name>
                                <email xlink:href="mailto:ctosull@ucc.ie">ctosull@ucc.ie</email>
                                                <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_INFEDU_aff_001"/>
                                            </contrib>
                        <aff id="j_INFEDU_aff_001">National University of Ireland, Department of Physics Cork, IE-Cork, Ireland</aff>
                                </contrib-group>
                                                                                                        <volume>3</volume>
                                <issue>2</issue>
                                    <fpage>239</fpage>
                        <lpage>250</lpage>
						<pub-date pub-type="epub">
                        <day>15</day>
                                    <month>10</month>
                        <year>2004</year>
        </pub-date>
                                                        <abstract>
                        <p>Considerable pedagogical advantage may be gained by the integration of the different ICT tools commonly used in teaching science and technology, particularly by integrating ``real&#039;&#039; and ``virtual&#039;&#039; laboratory activities. In the context of this paper, ``real&#039;&#039; laboratories involve benchtop experiments utilizing data acquisition systems while ``virtual&#039;&#039; laboratories entail interactive simulations and animations. Examples of such integrated activities are described; namely, (i) the study of wave phenomena using sound and (ii) a study of motion in one dimension. Such integrated computerized teaching tools also provide an opportunity for a greater level of integration of different science and technology disciplines.</p>
                    </abstract>
                <kwd-group>
            <label>Keywords</label>
                        <kwd>data acquisition</kwd>
                        <kwd>computerized experiments</kwd>
                        <kwd>technology teaching</kwd>
                        <kwd>physics education</kwd>
                        <kwd>integrated science</kwd>
                    </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
</front>
</article>
